In a large bowl, combine the flour, sugar, salt, and yeast, stirring until they are well mixed.
Add the cold water into the dry ingredients, mixing until a shaggy dough forms.
Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and let the dough rise at room temperature for 12 to 18 hours, or if needed, up to 24 hours, ensuring it doesn’t go in the fridge.
When ready to bake, preheat your oven to 450°F. Place a cast iron pot with a lid inside the oven for 30 minutes to preheat.
While the pot heats, lightly flour a work surface and carefully transfer the dough onto it. Shape it into a round ball without overworking it.
Cover the dough ball with the previously used plastic wrap and allow it to rest for another 30 minutes.
Using care, remove the hot pot from the oven, and place the dough inside it, using flour on your hands to reduce stickiness if necessary. Cover with the lid and bake for 30 minutes.
After 30 minutes, take off the lid and continue baking for another 15 minutes to achieve a golden, crusty finish.
Once baked, carefully remove the bread from the pot and allow it to cool on a rack completely before slicing.